Granskning av livscykelanalyser för biogas, etanol och RME

Etanolens hållbarhet – en litteraturöversikt - DiVA

This study focuses only on corn stover-based ethanol as one case. Further studies may include other types of cellulosic feedstocks (i.e., switchgrass or wood), which require less intensive agricultural practice and may lead to better environmental performance of fuel ethanol. Furthermore, this study shows that widely used but different allocation methods determine outcomes of LCA studies on We base the U.S. LCA on Ethanol Today, a comprehensive dataset available for corn-based ethanol production, which synthesizes and consolidates six different corn-based ethanol LCA studies into one The battle over corn-based and sugarcane-based ethanol — which one is cheaper? — has been brewing for weeks, and I’ve received emails and tweets last week about statements released from both camps: the Renewable Fuel Association (RFA) and the Brazilian Sugarcane Industry Association (UNICA).

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2012-12-13 · Relative to petroleum gasoline, ethanol from corn, sugarcane, corn stover, switchgrass and miscanthus can reduce life-cycle GHG emissions by 19–48%, 40–62%, 90–103%, 77–97% and 101–115%, respectively. Similar trends have been found with regard to fossil energy benefits for the five bioethanol pathways. Corn Ethanol Key conclusions • Corn grain ethanol has a slightly positive net energy on average, but is very dependent on – Ethanol production efficiency – Location and practices in corn production – Transportation distances • Improved corn yield, conversion and purification technology can help, but most gains are incremental 2017-01-12 · In Washington, Agriculture Secretary Tom Vilsack announced the release of a report studying the lifecycle greenhouse gas (GHG) balance of corn ethanol.The report, A Life-Cycle Analysis of the Greenhouse Gas Emissions of Corn-Based Ethanol, finds that GHG emissions associated with corn-based ethanol in the United States are about 43 percent lower than gasoline when measured on an energy GHG Emission Sources for Corn Ethanol 6 10 g 14 g 4 g 31 g 4 g 1 g 9 g Corn Ethanol: 60 g CO2e/MJ (DGS Credit: -13) Fertilizer Production Fertilizer N2O Farming Ethanol Production T&D Combustion LUC From Wang et al. (2012), Environ. Research Letters and CO2 Figure 1 illustrates the Iowa Corn (Kernel) Ethanol Monte Carlo LCA results compared to four published studies, all with the same system boundary, as reported by Farrell. This is used to validate the Monte Carlo approach and to clarify the debate over the energy benefits of corn kernel ethanol (Figure 1) (3).

Dry Milling Corn Ethanol w/ Corn Oil  The environmental performance of ethanol fuel system varies significantly with corn farming sites because of different crop management practices, soil properties,  This activity asks students to begin to consider the life cycle energy and carbon dioxide emission costs of gasoline, corn ethanol and cellulosic ethanol. Sep 18, 2014 Life-Cycle Analysis System Boundary: Corn to Ethanol. 3 LCA GHG emissions of gasoline and bioethanol pathways.

PDF Etanolens hållbarhet – en litteraturöversikt The

Selection of corn ethanol plant type affects LCA results Dry mill (nearly 90% of fleet) Wet mill Process fuel –Natural gas –Coal –Biomass Corn oil extraction Integrated production of corn and stover ethanol 11 Energy used in the conversion of corn to ethanol includes transportation of grain to the biorefinery, grain milling, starch liquefaction and hydrolysis, fermentation to biofuel, and coproduct processing and transport. als [a combination of wet-milling corn grain and corn stover in the case of Kim and Dale (2005)] compared with gasoline. Luo et al. (2009) used energy, mass, and economic allocation in an LCA to assess corn stover ethanol production and reported that replacing gaso-line with ethanol reduces the levels of numerous The calculated emissions across models ranged from 16 to 45 for sugarcane, 43–62 for corn, and 45–68 g CO 2 eq MJ −1 for wheat ethanol.

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Int J Life Cycle. Etanolens hållbarhet – en litteraturöversikt (The sustainability of ethanol - a literature review) (in Swedish) LCA comparing large- and small-scale production of ethanol for cycle greenhouse gas emissions of corn ethanol by integrating. av G Eriksson · Citerat av 6 — In an LCA, environmental loads from each process along the production chain ethanol plant.54 Removal of fibers from corn-based DDG has been attempted  av M Henriksson · 2014 · Citerat av 6 — The methodology used was Life Cycle Assessment with the system by-product dried distiller's grain from national ethanol production. emission at low temperatures from manure-amended soils under corn (Zea mays L.). The functional unit in this LCA is 1 tonne of stillage treated. This article has assessed which valorisation alternatives of stillage from ethanol production are the Industrial symbiosis: corn ethanol fermentation, hydrothermal  Post subject: Vehicles running E85 corn ethanol have 30 percent lower CO2 Biofuels Digest has found that cars running on E85 corn-based ethanol, at the för att lobba för kärnkraft som har lägst CO2 utsläpp ur LCA analysen, men de  section with basic information about life cycle assessment has been included which discusses Biogas (Corn). • Stumps E85 (85% ethanol, 15% gasoline). av P Paulsson · Citerat av 4 — Abstract.

Luo et al. (2009) used energy, mass, and economic allocation in an LCA to assess corn stover ethanol production and reported that replacing gaso-line with ethanol reduces the levels of numerous The calculated emissions across models ranged from 16 to 45 for sugarcane, 43–62 for corn, and 45–68 g CO 2 eq MJ −1 for wheat ethanol. Harmonizing the three public models with VSB assumptions for sugarcane ethanol produced in Brazil, the range was reduced to 16–17 g CO 2 eq MJ −1 for sugarcane ethanol. LCA FOR RENEWABLE RESOURCES Life cycle assessment of bio-based ethanol produced from different agricultural feedstocks Ivan Muñoz & Karin Flury & Niels Jungbluth & Giles Rigarlsford & Llorenç Milà i Canals & Henry King Received: 3 August 2012 /Accepted: 11 June 2013 # Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2013 Abstract While this LCA was on greenhouse gas emissions and not the energy gains/losses from producing ethanol, the calculation does show that even if you look 30 or 100 years into the future, the benefits of corn ethanol over gasoline depend highly on the production method (some methods actually increase emissions relative to gasoline). Allocation Issues in LCA Methodology: A Case Study of Corn Stover-Based Fuel Ethanol Larry Santos AbstractFacing the threat of oil depletion and climate change, a shift from fossil resources to renewables is ongoing to secure long-term low carbon energy supplies. Life cycle analysis (LCA) of ethanol production from corn grain has yielded a net energy ratio of 1.2 to 1.45 (Liska et al., 2009), which represents just a 20% to 45% positive energy balance in producing ethanol from corn.
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Andra projekt kan ersätta base-load-import. Fossilt bränsle - LCA visar på stora miljöeffekter Corn Oil (Ethanol). • ASTM D6751-08. • Cold Soak. • EN-14214.

A life cycle assessment (LCA) evaluates the ‘‘cradle to gate’’ impact of corn stover feedstock production for cellulosic EtOH production in three corn-producing regions in Quebec for two impact categories: energy and greenhouse gas (GHG) impacts. This study focuses only on corn stover-based ethanol as one case. Further studies may include other types of cellulosic feedstocks (i.e., switchgrass or wood), which require less intensive agricultural practice and may lead to better environmental performance of fuel ethanol. Furthermore, this study shows that widely used but different allocation methods determine outcomes of LCA studies on We base the U.S. LCA on Ethanol Today, a comprehensive dataset available for corn-based ethanol production, which synthesizes and consolidates six different corn-based ethanol LCA studies into one The battle over corn-based and sugarcane-based ethanol — which one is cheaper?
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Biodrivmedel för bättre klimat - Riksrevisionen

A life-cycle assessment (LCA) of corn ethanol was conducted to determine the reduction in the life-cycle greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions of corn ethanol compared to gasoline by integrating biomass fuels in a 190 million liter (50 million gallon) per year dry-grind corn ethanol plant to replace fossil fuels (natural gas and grid electricity). Int J LCA (2002) OnlineFirst 3 Corn oil is a coproduct in the wet milling process, in which ethanol, corn gluten meal and corn gluten feed are produced as well. Estimating the environmental burdens associated with corn oil requires the environmental burdens of the wet milling process, which are expressed as Equation (5). (5) where E corn LCA system boundaries of corn ethanol and CO 2 ‐to‐ethanol pathways.